The treatment of pain has also varied over the years can be summed up the evolution of the treatment throughout the history of the following way:
Primitive man believed that the pain-causing entities entered through holes, covered them or drew them to the spirits evil., historically is that the Sumerians in 4000 BC, used the hulgil or plant of joy (poppy), which later originated the morphine, despite this progress in the ancient Greece, people (influenced by mystical beliefs) affected by the pain went to sleep to the temples of Asclepius, God of medicine.
The Assyrians, in the year 3000 BC, described the first anesthetic procedure to operate, which consisted of the compression of the carotid artery, causing the collapse of the patient, in Egypt and Mesopotamia, they used leaves of Myrtle (with precursors of aspirin). Hippocrates, between 460-377 BC, used the bark of the white willow (acetylsalicylic acid) and described the soporific sponge, which contained opium, henbane and Mandrake.
In America, the Peruvian Indians, between 700 and 400 BC, chewed coca with alkaline, which noted a numbness in the language which they called kunka sukunka, considering it as a gift from the gods, since it produced ' satisfaction to the hungry, force the tired and oblivion of the miseries to the unhappy ".
And J. Hipólito Unanue, in 1794, wrote its first chemical test about the coca plant: "on the cultivation and virtues of the famous plant of the Peru call Coca". In Chile, in 1848, Francisco Villanueva administered first anaesthesia with chloroform to perform an amputation.
The vision of the surgeon of yore can be summed up by by Aulus
Cornelius Celsus, in the 1st century AD, in his publication Of Medicinae, who wrote:
"The surgeon should have a steady hand, the left equal to right, sharp and clear view, quiet and sympathetic appearance. You must want to cure those who tries, without hesitation ever; should not be allowed that the cries of pain do so hurry more, or less, cut what is necessary; signs of pain should not cause Nick in it or what makes" (20).
However, with the passage of time the pain treatment methods evolved thanks to contributions as the of Ambrose Pare, who used the cooling or freezing to operate in 1564, and Segismundo Elsholtz injected solution of opium for the first time to produce insensibility, Syng, in 1800, in the United States, described the toxic dose of alcohol to reduce fractureswhich were also used by dentists, Henry Hill, in 1823, he carried out experiments with animals, describing the unconsciousness when inhaling CO2, Gothrie, Souberrain and von Liebnig, in 1831, described the use of chloroform in 1836 was made the first trocar hole for morphine and the first metal needle, in Ireland.
In 1846 were used the first anesthetics, NO2, and ether, in soldiers, to basically perform amputations. In 1851, in France, Pravaz invented the syringe, which was originally reesterilizable, in 1853, the first anesthesia for childbirth, Queen Victoria, was administered in 1904, A. Einhorn discovered as a local anesthetic procaine, newly in 1980 some specific surgeries under anesthesia were carried out in children, newborns, since before it was thought that they felt no pain. (20)
In the end, the path of pain control has had major changes but never consensus guidelines, postoperative painappears as a result of a surgery in which different structures, are injured so used analgesia should be multi-modal to act at different levels in the developing pain (25), currently the concept of preventive analgesia as a "new alternative" for the treatment of pain has taken importance.