Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1), which account for 5-10% of all
cases of diabetes, is a chronic autoimmune disease that
characterized by destruction of pancreatic B cells, leading to
absolute insulin deficiency, whereby patients require
exogenous insulin developed diabetic ketoacidosis and if it were not
supplies (25,26). In the specific case of the cellular autoimmune destruction
pancreatic are useful for diagnostic determinations
islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) or other autoantibodies
(antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase [antiGAD] insulin,
and IA-2 tyrosine phosphatase and IA2β) in serum. A positive
is indicative of immune-mediated diabetes, since they
present in 85 to 90% of patients, corresponding
5-10% of all diabetes cases (25,27). However, some patients
may lack evidence of autoimmunity and have no
known cause of B cell destruction, which is diabetes
idiopathic, which corresponds to a minimum of cases, especially
in patients with African or Asian ancestry (25,27).
In overall, the disease process occurs before age 30
years there prior consideration as juvenile-onset diabetes,
now recognized that although it can occur at any age.