It has been proposed that some components of cow's milk,
as bovine serum albumin or betacaseína could trigger
autoimmune response, as posed by epidemiological data
of Finland, by the increased frequency associated with the introduction DM1
early age of dairy products and high consumption
milk during childhood. However, cross-sectional studies have
found an association, although in the case of betacaseína is
showed T cell proliferation in 51% of diabetic patients
versus 3% of normal subjects (27.31). Similarly, early
exposure to cereals may promote the development of antibodies
against islet cells. Prospective cohort studies in newborn
infants at high risk (given first-degree or genotype
HLA) showed increased risk in those exposed at the age of 3
months, compared to those in age between 4 and 6 months (HR 4.0 to 4.3
and 5.4), in association with cereals containing gluten, also related to the risk of celiac disease (27.31). Some studies, however,
demonstrate a protective role by eating omega
3. Preliminary animal studies support this role by decreasing
the inflammatory response associated with the autoimmune destruction of
beta cells (27,28). Similarly, vitamin D supplements
could have a protective role, apparently associated with polymorphisms
for enzymes involved in metabolism that could interact
with HLA alleles mediated response elements vitamin D
promotra in the region of the HLA-DRB1 * 0301